Soil Pollution
Mahmood Kasaei; Nasrin Gharahi; Rafat Zare Bidaki
Abstract
Introduction: Nitrogen is the nutrient in plants production which usually can be added as a fertilizer into the soil. Nitrate is one of the pollutants which is mainly caused by agricultural activities which contaminants groundwater and surface water and threatens human health. Investigating an effective ...
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Introduction: Nitrogen is the nutrient in plants production which usually can be added as a fertilizer into the soil. Nitrate is one of the pollutants which is mainly caused by agricultural activities which contaminants groundwater and surface water and threatens human health. Investigating an effective factor on water and minerals movement in soil and applying the new modifiers such as inorganic nanoparticles and biochar might be useful in reducing nitrate leaching and avoiding underground waters pollutions. Due to this difficulty, some situations to preserve nitrogen in the upper layers of soil such as increasing the absorbent surfaces for minerals, zeolite modifier, and biochar are considered by researchers. As many research have been conducted on using biochar in agricultural systems in terms of organic carbon sequestration in soil and reducing the greenhouse gases, its influence on other processes such as nitrate leaching has been considered as well. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of mineral nano-particles and biochar on nitrate leaching in soil and aggregate stability.Materials and Methods: This study had been conducted in the laboratory in faculty of natural resources and geology science, Shahrekord University. Treatments in this study included zeolite, cloisite, and biochar at three levels. PVC pipes with 3 cm in diameter and 40 cm in height were used for the soil columns. Urea fertilizer included 46% pure nitrogen was applied to the soil columns. The amount of the Urea fertilizer was employed as an applied fertilizer for corn plants (200 g Nitrogen per hectare). Urea fertilizer was added as a solution to the soil in irrigation 1, and 5 from irrigation events. At the end of each irrigation event, nitrate effluent was measured using Spectrophotometry method.Results and Discussion: The results showed a significant reduction of nitrate leaching in treatments, 1g biochar, 1g zeolite, and 1g cloisite compared to the control treatment. There was no significant difference between reduction of nitrate leaching in the three treatments, 1g biochar, 1g Zeolite, and 1g cloisite. Furthermore, nitrate leaching in treatments, 5g biochar, 5g zeolite, and 5g cloisite compared to the control treatment was decreased significantly. In all irrigations, 5g biochar had the smallest amount of nitrate leaching comparing 5g zeolite, and 5g Clozite. In general, the results showed that nitrate leaching would be decreased significantly by adding biochar and mineral nano-particles (5%) into the soil. According to the present results and previous findings, it can be mentioned that adding biochar into the soil will cause improving the soil physical properties and reducing nitrate leaching. Thus, we show here, that biochar and nano-particles soil application decreased nitrate leaching and enhanced soil aggregate stability.
Mohammad Ibrahim Fazel Valipour; Hanieh Sadat Hosseini
Abstract
Considering the importance of soil and water pollution and their impact on human health and food chain, the present study deals with the role of heavy metals in soil and water in Abdullah Giv area located on Quchan-Neishabour road, Khorasan Razavi province. In this study, 10 samples from water source ...
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Considering the importance of soil and water pollution and their impact on human health and food chain, the present study deals with the role of heavy metals in soil and water in Abdullah Giv area located on Quchan-Neishabour road, Khorasan Razavi province. In this study, 10 samples from water source and 20 samples from surface soils of the region were taken from a depth of 10 to 20 cm and after preparation and analysis were studied in terms of heavy metal concentrations. The results of the study showed that in the waters of the region, the highest concentration is related to Sr and the lowest concentration is related to Cd, but the concentration of all elements is less than the global health standard. The results of the concentration of heavy metals in the soil of the region and its comparison with the standard of the Environmental Protection Organization in alkaline soils showed that the amount of heavy metals Cr and Ni in the soil of the region is more than the standard. The presence of basaltic igneous rocks in the area can play a role in this. Studies show that to the west, the concentration of heavy metals in the region's water and soil resources is increasing.
Environment Assessment
Khodakaram Shokri; Majid Shaban
Abstract
Mining wastes are one of the most dangerous environmental pollutants which, if not removed, enter the surface and groundwater, causing toxic complexes and potential risks to humans and ecosystems. They create an environment. Because ore makes up a small portion of the total volume of minerals mined, ...
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Mining wastes are one of the most dangerous environmental pollutants which, if not removed, enter the surface and groundwater, causing toxic complexes and potential risks to humans and ecosystems. They create an environment. Because ore makes up a small portion of the total volume of minerals mined, mines will have a lot of waste. In the metal industry, the production of copper, lead and zinc cause the most damage to the environment. Copper Mining Operations Generate Extensive Mineral Waste Melting Zinc and Lead Introduces large amounts of cadmium and lead into the environment. The growth of gases and particulate matter, the production of polluted effluents and solid waste are the result of melting and refining metals. Soil contamination with heavy metals is a serious problem associated with metal smelting. In order to study the effects of the studied mine on the environment, it is necessary to examine the water, rocks and soil, plants and even their drains and waterways in terms of pollution. Findings of this study show that Bavanat copper mine has a significant effect on the level of pollution in water, soil and plants in the region.