Environment and Interdisciplinary Development

Seasonal Variation of Length-Weight Relationship and Some Biological Parameters in the Fish Cyprinion watsoni (Day, 1872) of Sarbaz River

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Mohammad Borhani 1
Mohammadreza Rahmani 2
Mohammad Purki 3
Bagher Nezami Balochi 2

1 Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Research Group of Biodiversity and Biosafety, Research Center for Environment and Sustainable Development (RCESD), Department of the Environment, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Zabul University, Zabul, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22034/envj.2024.476789.1412
Abstract
Introduction: Understanding the relationship length-weight can play a critical role in evaluating aquatic population structure, especially for estimating biomass, age, and weight using length. In recent years, due to various reasons such as the destruction of rivers, the creation of dams, the pollution of spawning areas, and illegal fishing, the abundance of fish populations has undergone many changes due to the decrease in the probability of survival and reproductive success. Therefore, obtaining information about the relationship length-weight, along with fecundity and gonadal indices, especially during one year, is effective not only in estimating models for the evaluation of aquatic resources but also in understanding their biological aspects, which are a sign of the sustainable dynamics of their population and the health of aquatic ecosystems.
Materials and Methods: According to the little available data about Sheydaar fish (Cyprinion watsoni), to understand the annual fluctuations of the length-weight relationship and some other parameters, 100 Cyprinion watsoni fish were collected between May 2015 and July 2016 using fishing nets from the Sarbaz River. In this research, in addition to the seasonal study of the length-weight relationship, several biological parameters such as growth pattern, condition factor, gonadosomatic indices, gonad weight, egg diameter, absolute and relative fecundity were calculated separately for each season. Standard length and its Natural logarithm were used for obtain the coefficient of determination and curves estimation of statistical models in relation to length-weight for each season.
Results: The results demonstrated that the relationship between the length-weight of the Sheydaar fish in the three seasons of spring, summer, and winter has a correlation of over 93%, which indicates the high correlation of this relationship in this fish during different seasons. The index of the growth pattern for this fish in the Sarbaz River changes during different seasons and it is 3 in autumn, 3.52 in spring, 3.09 in summer, and 3.5 in winter. Also, the examination of the condition factor and gonadosomatic index, whose change process coincides with each other, indicates that these indices reach their lowest and highest levels during summer and winter, respectively. The highest number of eggs for C. watsoni was recorded in summer (3405.3) and the lowest number in spring (1647.4). For this reason, the highest absolute fecundity was calculated in the summer season; While the relative fecundity begins to rise from spring and reaches its highest value in winter.
Discussion: Regardless of the seasonal fluctuations in all the calculated indices, it seems that according to the values of the growth pattern (b≥3), it can be concluded that with the increase in length, the studied species in the sampled area becomes rounder and heavier and the mentioned species grows under suitable biological conditions (including the availability of food, suitable physicochemical conditions, and non-polluted river). The values of two indicators of the condition factor and gonadosomatic also confirm the recent result. The condition factor of the Sheydaar fish was calculated between 0.03 and 1, which indicates the biological conditions between very bad and bad for this fish in the Sarbaz River; Nevertheless, the results of the fecundity index indicate the appropriate biological status of the species in that area. Matching the fluctuations of the gonadosomatic index with the condition factor in this research represents the effect of spawning on the condition factor; therefore, when checking the condition factor, spawning time should be regarded. Considering the seasonal fluctuations of all investigated indices due to the changes in the weight of the gonads and its effect on the total weight, to prevent bias in the data and final analysis, it is suggested to use the weight of evisceration of the sample.

Keywords

Sarbaz River
GSI
Condition Factor
Fecundity
Basin

Subjects

  1. Abbasi, K., Mouludi-Saleh, A., Eagderi, S. and Nikmehr, N., 2021. Length-weight, length-length relationships and condition factor of Rutilus kutum (Kamensky, 1901) from different parts of the Caspian Sea basin. Journal of Applied Ichthyological Research. 9(2), 41-50. (In Persian with English abstract).
  2. Afshin, Y., 1995. Rivers of Iran. Ministry of Energy, Jamab Consulting Engineers Company, Tehran. (In Persian).
  3. Ahmadniaye Motlagh, H., Hosein Hejrati, M., Safari, O., Baghalian, A., Parsa, E. and Yazdani Moghaddam, F., 2019. Investigation of the reproductive process of Cyprinion watsoni in the Ghasabe Qanats of Gonabad. In: The 7th Iranian Conference of Ichthyology, 30-31th October, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran, 71-72. (In Persian with English abstract).
  4. Asgardun, S., Nowferesti, H., Patimar, R. and Harsij, M., 2018. The relationship between length- weight and length-length of Hemiculter leucisculus from pond Gonbad kavoos. Shil. 6(3), 113-119.
  5. Bahuguna, P., Selakoti, A., Rayal, R. and Joshi, H., 2021. Length-weight relationships and relative condition factor of Puntius ticto in the Aasan River, Uttarakhand, India. Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology. 42(14), 77-83.
  6. Bilici, S., 2021. The length-weight relationship and condition factor of two fish species Planiliza abu and Silurus triostegus from the Tigris River before the construction of the Ilisu and Cizre dams on the river. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. 30(3), 3032-3038.
  7. Das, S.P., Swain, S.K., Bej, D., Jayasankar, J., Jena, J. and Das, P., 2015. Length–weight relationships of four Cyprinid species in India. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 31, 583-584.
  8. Esmaeili, H., Gholamifard, A., Vatandoust, S., Sayyadzadeh, G., Zare, R. and Babaei, S., 2014. Technical contribution Length–weight relationships for 37 freshwater fish species of Iran. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 30, 1073-1076. https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.12433.
  9. Fadli, N., Damora, A., Muchlisin, Z.A., Dewiyanti, I., Ramadhaniaty, M., Razy, N., Macusi, E. and Siti-Azizah, M.N., 2022. Length-weight relationships and condition factors of three Epinephelus grouper (Epinephelidae) harvested in the Northern Coast of Aceh, Indonesia. International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics. 17(1), 119-124. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijdne.170115.
  10. Forouhar Vajargah, M., Sattari, M., Imanpour Namin, J. and Bibak, M., 2020. Length-weight relationship and some growth parameters of Rutilus kutum (Kaminski 1901) in the South Caspian Sea. Scientific Quarterly Journal of Experimental Biology. 9, 11-20. (In Persian with English abstract).
  11. Froese, R. and Pauly, D., 2024. Fishbase. Available online at: http://www. fishbase. org.
  12. Fulton, T.W., 1904. The rate of growth of fishes. Fisheries Board of Scotland, Edinburgh.
  13. Funamoto, T., Aoki, I. and Wada, Y., 2004. Reproductive characteristics of Japanese anchovy, Engraulis japonicus, in two Bays of Japan. Fisheries Research. 70(1), 71-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2004.06.017
  14. Ghasemi Rezvani, N., Safaie, M. and Saraji, F., 2020. Diet composition of Cyprinion watsoni (Day, 1872) in the Marm Cascade (Hormozgan Province). Journal of Animal Environment. 12(4), 285-292. (In Persian with English abstract).
  15. Houshmand, P., Gorgin, S., Braemick, U., Zare Garizi, A. and Patimar, R., 2023. Investigation of length-weight relationship of fish caught in recreational fishing in Golestan, Mazandaran and Guilan Province. Journal of Applied Ichthyological Research. 10(3), 41-50. (In Persian with English abstract).
  16. Islam, F.U., Jalali, S., Shafqat, M.N. and Shah, S.T.A., 2017. Endosulfan is toxic to the reproductive health of male freshwater fish, Cyprinion watsoni. The Science of Nature. 104, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-017-1526-9.
  17. IUCN., 2023. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Available online at: https://www.iucnredlist.org.
  18. Kamali, E., Valinassab, T., Dehghany, R. and Hosseini, S.A., 2018. A study on length-weight relationship and reproduction of Longnose Trevally (Carangoides chrysophrys (Cuvier, 1833)) in the waters of Hormozgan. Journal of Animal Environment. 10(1), 153-160. (In Persian with English abstract).
  19. Kant, K.R., Gupta, K. and Langer, S., 2016. Fecundity in fish Puntius sophore and relationship of fecundity with fish length, fish weight and ovary weight from Jammu water bodies J and K (India). International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies. 6(2), 99-110.
  20. Kazemi, S.H., Paighambari, S.Y., Daliri, M. and Naderi, R.A., 2013. Length-weight and length-length relationships, condition factors and optimal length of some fish species from the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. International Journal of Aquatic Biology. 1(4), 167-174. 
  21. Keivany, Y., Nasri, M., Abbasi, K. and Abdoli, A., 2016. Atlas of fishes of inland waters of Iran. Department of Environment of Iran, Tehran. (In Persian).
  22. Keivany, Y., Nezamoleslami, A. and Dorafshan, S., 2015. Morphological diversity of Garra rufa (Heckel, 1843) populations in Iran. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology. 2, 148-154.
  23. Keskar, A., Kumkar, M., Paingankar, M.S., Padhye, A. and Dahanukar, N., 2015. Length-weight and length-length relationships of seven loach species (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) from five localities in northern Western Ghats, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa. 7(15), 8205–8220. http://doi.org/10.11609/jott.2462.7.15.8025-8220.
  24. Kulbicki, M., Mou Tham, G., Thollot, P. and Wantiez, L., 1993. Length-weight relationships of fish from the lagoon of New Caledonia. Naga, the ICLARM Quarterly. 16, 26-29.
  25. Le Cren, E.D., 1951. The length-weight relationship and seasonal cycle in gonad weight and condition in the perch (Perca fluviatilis). The Journal of Animal Ecology. 201-219.
  26. Mahé, K., Bellamy, E., Delpech, J.P., Lazard, C., Salaun, M., Vérin, Y., Coppin, F. and Travers-Trolet, M., 2018. Evidence of a relationship between weight and total length of marine fish in the North-eastern Atlantic Ocean: physiological, spatial and temporal variations. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 98(3), 617-625. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315416001752
  27. Mazareiy, M.H., Sattari, M. and Imanpour Namin, J., 2019. Length-weight relationship and some biological parameters of Alosa braschnikowi (Borodin 1904) from coast of the Guilan Province. Aquaculture Sciences. 7(1), 9-18. (In Persian with English abstract).
  28. Mostafavi, S.M., Rahmani, M., Kaboli, M. and Abdoli, A., 2020. The effect of different environmental factors on habitat selection by Salmo trutta in Karaj River. Journal of Animal Environment. 12(3), 251-258. (In Persian with English abstract).
  29. Mostafavi, S.M., Rahmani, M., Kaboli, M. and Abdoli, A., 2021a. Determinants of fish distribution pattern and habitat preference in protected Karaj River, Iran. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences. 20(2), 410-429. https://doi.org/10.22092/ijfs.2021.123838
  30. Mostafavi, S.M., Rahmani, M., Kaboli, M. and Abdoli, A., 2021b. Influence of environmental and human factors on fish distribution pattern of Karaj River. Journal of Animal Research (Iranian Journal of Biology). 34, 110-125. (In Persian with English abstract).
  31. Nasri, M., Eagdari, S. and Farahmand, H., 2014. Interspecies morphological variation of Cyprinion watsoni (Day, 1872) from southern and southeastern inland water basins of Iran based on geometric morphometrics method. Journal of Applied Ichthyological Research. 2, 1-14. (In Persian with English abstract).
  32. Nasri, M., Eagdari, S., Farahmand, H. and Nezhadheydari, H., 2019. Interspecific morphological variation among members of the genus Cyprinion Heckel, 1843 (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in Iran, using landmark-based geometric morphometric technique. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology. 6(1), 54-64. https://doi.org/10.22034/iji. v6i1.404.
  33. Nath, K.D., Borah, S., Yadav, A.K., Bhattacharjya, B.K., Das, P., Deka, P.M., Darngawn, O. and Nath, D.V.J., 2017. Length-weight and Lengthlength relationship of four Native fish species from Barak River, Assam, India. Journal of Experimental Zoology India, 20(2), 977-979.
  34. Office, W.A.W.R.M., 2018. The country's water statistical yearbook. Ministry of Power.
  35. Ontomwa, M.B., Okemwa, G.M., Kimani, E.N. and Obota, C., 2018. Seasonal variation in the length-weight relationship and condition factor of thirty fish species from the Shimoni artisanal fishery, Kenya. Western Indian Ocean Journal of Marine Science. 17(1), 103-110.
  36. Ragheb, E., 2023. Length-weight relationship and well-being factors of 33 fish species caught by gillnets from the Egyptian Mediterranean waters off Alexandria. The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research. 49, 361-367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2023.01.001.
  37. Rajabzadeh Ostadkalayeh, N., Imanpour Namin, J. and Sattari, M., 2020. The length-weight relationship and some biological characteristics of Tinca tinca (Linnaeus, 1758) in Anzali wetland. Journal of Animal Environment. 12(4), 299-306. (In Persian with English abstract).
  38. Rehman, A.U., Ullah, S., Zuberi, A., Dawar, F.U. and Khattak, M.N.K., 2022. First Record of Ichthyofauna from Gomal Zam Dam, District South Waziristan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. BioMed Research International. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7076508.
  39. Sorosh Hadad, M., Imanpour Namin, J., Nasrollahzade, A. and Sattari, M., 2018. Length and weight ratio, gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indexes, growth patterns and condition factor of Alburnus chalcoides in the southwest coastlines of the Caspian Sea (Guilan Province). Journal of Fisheries (Iranian Journal of Natural Resources). 71(3), 286-293. (In Persian with English abstract).
  40. Taheri Mirghaed, A., Ghodrati Shojaei, M., Weigt, M., Ebrahimzadeh, S.M., Jahangard, A., Abbasi, M. and Abdolahian, M., 2020. Length–weight and length–length relationships of six fish species from the Persian Gulf. Journal of Aquaculture Sciences. 8(1), 102-111. (In Persian with English abstract).
  41. Yadav, K.K. and Dhanze, R., 2018. Length-weight relationship and condition factor of Bangana dero (Hamilton, 1822)(Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from northeastern region of India. Journal of Threatened Taxa. 10(7), 11863-11868. http://doi.org/10.11609/jott.3861.10.7.11863-11868.
  42. Zamani Faradonbe, M. and Keivany, Y., 2018. Study of length-weight relationship and condition index of Cyprinion watsoni in Sarbaz, Minab and Shur Rivers. In: Conference on indigen Fish Conservation in Iranian Water Ecosystems, 19th December, University of Tehran, Taleqan, Alborz, Iran. (In Persian with English abstract).
Environment and Interdisciplinary Development
Volume 9, Issue 86
Winter 2025
Pages 1-14

Home

Submit Manuscript

Contact Us