Document Type : Review Article

Authors

• Farzad Karimi Khanjari ¹
• Mahdi Sajadi Kia ²

¹ Department of Private Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

² Department of Private Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

The environment is one of the most important issues today, which is at the forefront of international affairs, given the catastrophes we are witnessing today. These catastrophes are caused by the damage done to the environment by individuals or governments; the damages that must be compensated by them, that is, they have civil liability. Environmental civil liability is defined in both international and Iranian law, but there may be different definitions for determining the type of civil liability. Now the question is, in case of damage to the environment, what is the resulting civil liability in Iranian law and international documents? Therefore, in this article, we will study the nature of civil liability in Iranian law and international documents analytically-descriptively and with a library method, and we will examine how to compensate them and their strengths and weaknesses. Research shows that absolute liability in this situation is the best type of civil liability that can be applied to environmental damage, and that is why this type of liability has been adopted in international documents, but in Iranian law, civil liability is based. It is the fault that it also applies to environmental damage, which is not commensurate with the nature of the environment.

Keywords

• Environmental Degradation
• Civil Liability
• Environmental Damages
• Compensation
• International Documents

Main Subjects

• Environmental Law