Sustainable Development
mohadeseh moradpour; Fazlolah Agamohamadi; seyed Farzad Hoseini
Abstract
Introduction: Ports play an important and strategic role in the growth and development of a country; Therefore, the development of ports is an important driver for the economic, social and regional growth of countries. A key and practical concept to achieve port development is the concept of sustainable ...
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Introduction: Ports play an important and strategic role in the growth and development of a country; Therefore, the development of ports is an important driver for the economic, social and regional growth of countries. A key and practical concept to achieve port development is the concept of sustainable development. Shahid Rajaei port of Iran is considered the most important import and export gate of the country due to its unique geographical location. Therefore, the most important goals of this research are to identify the effective and key indicators of sustainable development in Shahid Rajaei port of Iran and to prioritize these indicators.
Materials and methods: In order to identify the key indicators of sustainable development in Shahid Rajaei port and prioritize these indicators, by reviewing the literature, sustainability indicators were identified and extracted from the research literature. In the second step, in order to prioritize the indicators, a questionnaire was designed and provided to the sample of the research statistical community. which includes managers, officials and officials of various port departments and experts and experts in this field. The sampling method in this research is a non-probability and non-random judgment. In the next step, AHP and SWARA multi-criteria decision making methods were used to rank the indicators. In the following, related software such as Excel and Super Decisions were used. Finally, average ranks and Copeland methods were used to integrate the results to achieve a prioritization.
Results: According to the obtained results, the economic dimension is the most important dimension of sustainability; Then, social and environmental aspects are important. The findings show that in terms of education level, the majority of research experts have master's and doctorate degrees and are at a high level scientifically. And due to the fact that most of the experts have more than 15 years of work experience, they are experienced people with high work experience.
Discussion: In the environmental dimension, the indicators of identifying types of environmental pollution and waste management were ranked first. In the economic dimension, the index of the amount of investment and the increasing trend of the market share and the index of access to road, rail and air transport lines were ranked first in two methods. In the social dimension, the index of job creation and high quality of port services ranked first. The results of this research can be a basis for the improvement and growth of sustainability in the port and to provide the managers and authorities of the port with proper direction and vision in the field of sustainable development, to take appropriate decisions and actions in the future.
Sustainable Development
Mohammad Hasan Maleki; Manijeh Ramsheh; Samaneh Aghdami; Ebrahim Javaheri zade
Abstract
Introduction: Environmental disasters, stakeholder pressure, and global trends have caused the discussion of new energies and businesses in this field to be the focus of researchers. In Iran, the issue of sanctions, dependence of industries on fossil fuels and the traditional mentality of managers has ...
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Introduction: Environmental disasters, stakeholder pressure, and global trends have caused the discussion of new energies and businesses in this field to be the focus of researchers. In Iran, the issue of sanctions, dependence of industries on fossil fuels and the traditional mentality of managers has restricted growth and development of clean energy. Development in this field requires a correct understanding of the future and fundamental planning. Without paying attention to financing, which is one of the most important challenges for the development of any business, it will not be possible to continue the activity. Therefore, the current research identified drivers and investment scenarios in the field of clean energy.Materials and Methods: The current research is pragmatic in terms of philosophy and applied in terms of orientation. Also, this study is exploratory in terms of objective and mixed in terms of methodology. The statistical population of the research were experts in the field of clean energy and financing. Using judgmental sampling, 15 managers working in Iran Renewable Energy Association, Iran Energy Association, Environmental Protection Organization and university professors in the relevant fields have been used. The research has been done in five steps. In the first step, key drivers were identified through background review and interviews with experts. In the second step, the drivers were screened through an expert questionnaire and using the fuzzy Delphi method. In the third step, the screened propellants were analyzed through the effect measurement questionnaire and using the fuzzy Dimetal method, and the final propellants were identified based on the degree of effectiveness. In the fourth step, believable scenarios were developed using CATWOE. The probable scenario was identified with CODAS technique.Results: By reviewing the background and interviewing experts, 24 drivers were extracted. Using the fuzzy Delphi method, 12 drivers whose diphasis number was higher than the threshold (0.7) were selected. Then, with the Fuzzy Dimetal technique, the two drivers of the laws related to the energy field and the government's view on the need to enter the field of clean energy were identified and evaluated as suitable for the development of scenarios. Based on these two drivers, four scenarios of soul prison, auspicious, Anti-innovation culture, and poisonous structure were developed. The soul prison scenario depicts the pessimistic future and the auspicious scenario shows the best scenario. Then, using CODAS technique, the soul prison scenario was selected as the most probable scenario.Discussion: Policy makers should try to make Karmiar's ideal scenario happen instead of realizing the soul prison scenario, which happens to be the worst scenario. For this purpose, laws and policies should be established to improve the business environment in the field of clean energy. Such laws should remove obstacles to attract foreign capital while increasing domestic capital. These laws should enable the transfer of advanced technologies through fiscal and financial support. The view of government officials on the need to enter into clean energy as the second most important driver has cultural roots and originates from managers' ignorance of clean energy and its advantages in the business environment. For this reason, universities, research centers, social media, non-governmental organizations supporting the environment, global and regional developments and environmental disasters play an important role in changing this attitude. In Iran, because managers are forced to accept change at the last moment, change is sudden and has increasing costs. It is hard to expect change without doing inclusive and spontaneous cultural work. Cultivation plays an important role in favoring green products. In addition, changing the attitude of managers can lead to the facilitation of financing as a key challenge in the field of clean energy.
Sustainable Development
Kiyumars Moladoost; Mohanna Shahmoradi
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the institutionalization of environmental culture in sports in a combined (sequential-exploratory) method, in two qualitative and quantitative steps. In the first step, to identify the factors affecting the institutionalization of environmental culture ...
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This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the institutionalization of environmental culture in sports in a combined (sequential-exploratory) method, in two qualitative and quantitative steps. In the first step, to identify the factors affecting the institutionalization of environmental culture in sports, a qualitative method was used. The study population in the qualitative section consisted of experts in the field of sports and the environment (experts of specialized committees on sports and the environment in sports federations, the National Olympic Committee, and the Environmental Protection Organization) who used purposive sampling method of 25 Samples were studied. Data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews until data saturation was reached. Analysis of field interviews was performed using the content analysis method with an inductive approach.In the second step (quantitative approach), the effect of various factors on the institutionalization of environmental culture in sport was evaluated. The statistical population consisted of a small number of government employees, university professors, students, and other professions related to sports and the environment. Using simple random sampling, 412 of them were selected as the statistical sample. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the results of the qualitative section. The content validity of the questionnaire was performed by expert assessors in the current field of study and also, its stability was confirmed using Cronbach’s Alpha (0.7≤α). Four factors, motivational-supportive, government-managerial, cultural-social, and policy-supportive, were extracted from analyzing the database on the Exploratory Factor Analysis method which supports 65.66% of the variance in the institutionalization of environmental culture in Sports in Iran. The media’s impact on public opinion about environmental culture especially in Sports due to its power of informing and building discourse in society cannot be neglected.
Sustainable Development
Mehdi Akbari Golzar
Abstract
In the middle of the twentieth century, human realized that if they continued to exploit nature in order to achieve their development goals, they would no longer be left with natural resources to continue their lives. To this end, it was considering ways to increase the productivity and conservation ...
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In the middle of the twentieth century, human realized that if they continued to exploit nature in order to achieve their development goals, they would no longer be left with natural resources to continue their lives. To this end, it was considering ways to increase the productivity and conservation of natural resources while continuing to develop. An idea that became one of the most important aspects of the concept of sustainable development. Several conferences on environmental protection have been held in the country's development process, the last of which was the Paris Conference 2015 with the participation of 198 countries and the issuance of the Paris Agreement. The implementation of this agreement will have many multilateral effects for the committed countries. In this study, the social implications of the implementation of the Paris Agreement, which Iran is committed to doing, will be examined. The method used is the analysis of qualitative content, which is done by analyzing the text of the agreement. The results indicate that Iran to impelement this agreement and not to exceed its greenhouse gas emissions, its annual development rate should not exceed 2%. This low rate virtually drops our country from reaching the advanced countries of the world. Also in the social context, it creates backwardness and pressure on the lower class of the society with intensify of the crisis of legitimacy for the government.
Sustainable Development
Ahmadreza Rafiee shahraki; Mohammadreza Ghasemi
Abstract
Nowadays, environmental performance of companies is considered as one of the main components of measuring and measuring the sustainability of a company. According to the latest World Health Organization news and information, environmental health, and especially human health, is in critical and dangerous ...
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Nowadays, environmental performance of companies is considered as one of the main components of measuring and measuring the sustainability of a company. According to the latest World Health Organization news and information, environmental health, and especially human health, is in critical and dangerous situations. During the 10-year period from 2010 to 2017. Indicators and components have been developed to calculate the environmental performance variable, using the method of zero and one to quantify them. Also, data analysis and testing of research hypotheses have been done using graphical comparative method. The results of the study showed that attention to environmental performance and adherence to its indicators in cement companies is better than other industries.